DUE MONDAY, JANUARY 25, 2010, BY 10:00 PM EST
Google "Birmingham Bombing" and/or "16th Street Baptist Church Bombing." Find one fact about the bombing (that has not already been posted) and post it below.
Tuesday, January 19, 2010
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The bomb exploded at 10:22 AM, killing four young girls. Here's a link to their photos:
ReplyDeletehttp://www.liu.edu/CWIS/CWP/LIBRARY/african/2000/1963_10b.jpg
(you'll have to cut and past this into your browser)
From top to bottom are:
Denise McNair, 11 years old
Carole Robertson, 14 years old
Addie Mae Collins, 14 years old
Cynthia Wesley, 14 years old
More than 20 others were injured, including Addie Mae's sister Sarah, who lost an eye in the attack.
ReplyDeletethe link to my source:http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1431932
On 8th October 1963, a KKK member Robert Chambliss Chambliss was found not guilty of murder and received a hundred dollar fine and a six month jail sentence for having the dynamite.
ReplyDeleteEmmanuel Ayala
ReplyDeleteOn Sunday, September 15th, 1963, Robert Chambliss, a kkk member put a box under the steps of the 16th street Baptist church which soon enough exploded and hurting 23 people and killing 4 little girls. A civil rights activist blamed George Wallace, the governor of Alabama at the time because a week before he has told the New York times that a “few first-class funerals” had to happen to stop integration.
November of 1977 Chambliss was ordered back to court to be tried again for the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church boming. When he was tried again he was found guilty and was stentenced life in jail at the age of 73. He later on died in the prison on October 29, 1985
ReplyDeletethis is where i found my information
http://www.english.illinois.edu/Maps/poets/m_r/randall/birmingham.htm
Kwaku said...
ReplyDeleteOn Sunday, 15th September, 1963, a white man was seen getting out of a white and turquoise Chevrolet car and placing a box under the steps of the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church
http://www.english.illinois.edu/Maps/poets/m_r/randall/birmingham.htm
In 1978 Robert Edward Chambliss was finally convicted of the murders and was sentenced to serve several life terms. However he died in prison in 1985. Bobby Frank Cherry was convicted in 2002 and Thomas Edwin Blanton Jr. was convicted in 2001 and they were both sentenced to life in prison.
ReplyDeleteOn 17th May, 2000, the FBI announced that the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church bombing had been carried out by the Ku Klux Klan splinter group, the Cahaba Boys.
ReplyDeleteThe bombing itself united all of the civil rights organizations on the South. It was an act which evolved strong determination to fight against racism.
ReplyDeletelink: http://www.eotu.uiuc.edu/pedagogy/grogers/grp/Birmingham_1.htm
The violence of the Bobming didn't come to an end just yet, on that same day two black boys were also murdered Johnnie Robinson who was shot by a police officer while protesting! and Virgil Ware who was shot by two young white boys while riding a mortocycle.
ReplyDeletehttp://www.helium.com/items/815737/-the-birminghams-16th-street-baptist-church-bombing-and-its-conswquences
Before the bombing, the Church had served as a place for planning events within the Civil Rights movement.The bombing was meant to halt the movement. However, the opposite happened. The bombing helped the movement gain more support and keep going.
ReplyDeleteThe link is: http://crdl.usg.edu/events/birmingham_bombing/?Welcome
Aftermath of the bombingThe 16th Street Baptist Church bombing was a racially motivated terrorist attack on September 15, 1963, by members of a Ku Klux Klan group in Birmingham, Alabama in the United States. The bombing of the African-American church resulted in the deaths of four girls. Although city leaders had reached a settlement in May with demonstrators and started to integrate public places, not everyone agreed with ending segregation. Other acts of violence followed the settlement. The bombing increased support for people working for civil rights. It marked a turning point in the U.S. 1960s Civil Rights Movement and contributed to support for passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
ReplyDeletethe link is
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Street_Baptist_Church_bombing
The Sixteenth Street Baptist Church in Birmingham was used as a meeting-place for civil rights leaders such as Martin Luther King, Ralph David Abernathy and Fred Shutterworth. Tensions became high when the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and the Congress on Racial Equality (CORE) became involved in a campaign to register African American to vote in Birmingham.
ReplyDeleteThe case of chambliss a kkk member was unsolved until Bill Baxley was elected attorney general of Alabama. He requested the original Federal Bureau of Investigation files on the case and discovered that the organization had accumulated a great deal of evidence against Chambliss that had not been used in the original trial.
the link is
http://www.english.illinois.edu/Maps/poets/m_r/randall/birmingham.htm
More than 50 bombing attempts at churches and synagogues in Birmingham were recorded between late 1950s and early 1960s.
ReplyDeletehttp://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1817&dat=19800518&id=Yy8dAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Ap4EAAAAIBAJ&pg=5255,3543302
Some background on the "Cahaba Boys" mentioned in Nicholas' post:
ReplyDeleteThe Cahaba Boys committed acts of violence with a ferocity that was unmatched even by their fellow Klansmen, according to FBI files. Carrying foot-long chains, battery cables, and baseball bats that had been hollowed out and filled with lead, they spread terror on city buses, where they punished blacks who were sitting too close to whites, and in racially mixed neighborhoods, where they lobbed explosives into the driveways of black families. "Nigger-knocking" was standard practice once the sun went down: Blacks were taken to remote areas, beaten, and sometimes brutally tortured. "The Klan wasn't violent enough for them," said Bob Eddy, who is currently assisting the FBI with its investigation of Bobby Frank Cherry. "They were responsible for firebombings, floggings, dynamiting people's homes. How often Cherry was along on those rides, we don't know, but Chambliss told me years later, before he died, that Cherry was at the bombing of the Gaston Motel." That bomb exploded on May 11, 1963, only a block from the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church, and would have changed the course of history had it not missed its mark: It was intended for Martin Luther King, Jr.
From "The Sins of the Fathers" at this link:
http://www.useekufind.com/peace/a_sinsofthefather.htm
It is vary sad to read that after the bomb exploded on sunday September 15th 1963 at the church more deaths occured. Two more people had died one who was named Johnnie Robinson who was shot by a police officer and Virgil Ware who was shot by two young white boys while riding a mortocycle. It is vary sad to say that this was murder and racial. Another important thing is that way before this bombibg in the church 50other bombings in churches occured in the 1950's. This was a terrible thing that occured and for the four little girls.-
ReplyDeletePresident Kennedy lobbied Birmingham's white business community to reach an agreement. On 10 May local white business leaders consented to desegregate public facilities, but the details of the accord mattered less than the symbolic triumph. Kennedy pledged to preserve this mediated halt to "a spectacle which was seriously damaging the reputation of both Birmingham and the country."
ReplyDeleteLink:
http://www.english.illinois.edu/Maps/poets/m_r/randall/birmingham.htm
The tragedy came as a result of a month of tension following the desegregation of Birmingham's schools. Black leaders and moderate whites alike had tried to prepare their communities for the inevitable mixing of the races in an effort to forestall any event like the riots that had taken place in the previous Spring, where police and firemen used dogs
ReplyDeleteand fire hoses on demonstrating blacks.
The bombing outraged the nation and gave four little faces to the movement. The blast, combined with other shameful Alabama events, such as the dogs and fire hoses of 1963, and the beatings of demonstrators as they began the Selma to Montgomery march in 1964, contributed to the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights of 1965, and
the death of segregation in the South.
Link: http://www.useekufind.com/peace/summary.htm
The tragedy came as a result of a month of tension following the desegregation of Birmingham's schools. Black leaders and moderate whites alike had tried to prepare their communities for the inevitable mixing of the races in an effort to forestall any event like the riots that had taken place in the previous Spring, where police and firemen used dogs
ReplyDeleteand fire hoses on demonstrating blacks.
The bombing outraged the nation and gave four little faces to the movement. The blast, combined with other shameful Alabama events, such as the dogs and fire hoses of 1963, and the beatings of demonstrators as they began the Selma to Montgomery march in 1964, contributed to the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights of 1965, and
the death of segregation in the South
Link: http://www.useekufind.com/peace/summary.htm
Another suspect, Troy Ingram, is believed to have helped design the bomb. A witness saw a man fitting Ingram's description fleeing the scene of the blast with another man matching Blanton's description. Ingram failed two polygraph examinations but was never charged. He died of a heart attack in 1973.
ReplyDeleteThe Sixteenth Street Baptist Church in Birmingham was used as a meeting-place for civil rights leaders such as Martin Luther King, Ralph David Abernathy and Fred Shutterworth. Tensions became high when the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and the Congress on Racial Equality (CORE) became involved in a campaign to register African American to vote in Birmingham.
ReplyDeleteFollowing the tragic event, white strangers visited the grieving families to express their sorrow. At the funeral for three of the girls (one family preferred a separate, private funeral), Martin Luther King, Jr., spoke about life being "as hard as crucible steel." More than 8,000 mourners, including 800 clergymen of both races, attended the service. No city officials braved the crowds to attend
ReplyDeleteThe deaths of the children followed by the loss of President Kennedy two months later gave birth to a tide of grief and anger--a surge of emotional momentum that helped ensure the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/civilrights/al11.htm
A total of $100,000 offered for information in connection with ten racially motivated bombing area in Birmingham.
ReplyDeleteThere were more than fifty bombings that took place in the town of Birmingham between the years 1947-1965,in which do to the many attacks, later ir became known as "Bombingham." It is also said that the bomb was hidden very well in the basement of the church,as a vengance of disagreement and protest after a federal court ordered Birmingham schools to be integrated to the system.In which it led to the cruel attack and deaths of four black innocent girls.
ReplyDeleteIt wasn't until the year of 1977, when Bill Baxley, was elected as rhe attorney general of Alabama, and decided to take action against Robert Chambliss,who was accused for being responsible for the church bombing.After several investigations and evidenced done by the FBI,Chsmbliss was found guilty and senteced to life imprisonment in jail and died on October 29,1985.
LINKS:
http://www.useekufind.com/peace/summary.htm
http://7deadlycyns.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/birmingham4.gif
GABRIELA PORTILLA